{"id":1744,"date":"2018-05-15T05:07:23","date_gmt":"2018-05-15T04:07:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/pravoslavbrno.cz\/?p=1744"},"modified":"2018-05-15T07:02:09","modified_gmt":"2018-05-15T06:02:09","slug":"krtitel-bulharskeho-naroda","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/uk\/krtitel-bulharskeho-naroda\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00fdznamn\u00fd k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fd vl\u00e1dce a “k\u0159titel” bulharsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1roda"},"content":{"rendered":"

Svat\u00fd kn\u00ed\u017ee (car) Boris I. \u2013 ve k\u0159tu Michal (+907)<\/strong><\/h2>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Boris I., ve k\u0159tu zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako\u00a0Michal, byl bulharsk\u00fd kn\u00ed\u017ee-car, kter\u00fd vl\u00e1dl Prvn\u00ed bulharsk\u00e9 \u0158\u00ed\u0161i v letech 852-889. V dob\u011b sv\u00e9ho k\u0159tu v roce 864 obdr\u017eel Boris jm\u00e9no “Michal”, kter\u00e9 mu ud\u011blil jeho nov\u00fd k\u0159estn\u00ed otec – byzantsk\u00fd c\u00edsa\u0159\u00a0Michal III., zn\u00e1m\u00fd n\u00e1m Moravan\u016fm\u00a0z\u00a0doby sv. Rostislava, kter\u00fd se ke stejnojmenn\u00e9mu c\u00edsa\u0159i do Byzance obracel o pomoc a vysl\u00e1n\u00ed biskupa a u\u010ditele pro moravsk\u00fd n\u00e1rod.<\/p>\n

Historik Steven Runciman\u00a0popsal cara Borise\u00a0jako jednu z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch osobnost\u00ed v historii.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00dazem\u00ed, kter\u00e9mu kdysi vl\u00e1dl car Boris<\/em><\/p>\n

Navzdory mnoha vojensk\u00fdm ustoupen\u00edm je panov\u00e1n\u00ed Borise I. poznamen\u00e1no d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdmi ud\u00e1lostmi, kter\u00e9 formovaly bulharskou a evropskou historii. Pok\u0159es\u0165an\u0161t\u011bn\u00edm Bulharska bylo zru\u0161eno tradi\u010dn\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed (pohansk\u00e9) n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed. Bulharsko p\u0159ijalo pod veden\u00edm cara Michala v\u00fdchodn\u00ed \u010dili pravoslavn\u00e9 k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00ed z\u00a0Byzance. Pozd\u011bji zku\u0161en\u00fd diplomat Boris I. \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b vyu\u017eil sporu mezi Konstantinopolsk\u00fdm patriarchou a pape\u017eem a zajistil pro Bulharskou c\u00edrkev nez\u00e1vislost ve smyslu\u00a0c\u00edrkevn\u00ed samospr\u00e1vy, tzv. autokefalitu, nebo\u0165 vych\u00e1zel z\u00a0obav \u0161lechty z\u00a0vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edho zasahov\u00e1n\u00ed do vnit\u0159n\u00edch z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed Bulharska.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Car Michal v\u00edt\u00e1\u00a0\u017e\u00e1ky sv. Cyrila a Metod\u011bje, vyhnan\u00e9 z Velk\u00e9 Moravy<\/em><\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e byli roku 885 po Kristu \u017e\u00e1ci svat\u00fdch Cyrila a Metod\u011bje vyhn\u00e1ni z Velk\u00e9 Moravy, Boris I. jim tehdy ve sv\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161i poskytl \u00fato\u010di\u0161t\u011b a pomoc p\u0159i dal\u0161\u00edm rozvoji bulharsk\u00e9 abecedy a literatury. Roku 888 se Boris rozhodl odej\u00edt do kl\u00e1\u0161tera a p\u0159enechat kn\u00ed\u017eec\u00ed stolec sv\u00e9mu synovi Vladim\u00edrovi. Ten nebyl p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 schopn\u00fdm panovn\u00edkem a nav\u00edc se v zemi znovu pokusil zav\u00e9st pohanskou v\u00edru. V t\u00e9 chv\u00edli zas\u00e1hl Vladim\u00edr\u016fv nejmlad\u0161\u00ed bratr Symeon, kter\u00fd p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dil otce, aby se na\u010das vr\u00e1til z kl\u00e1\u0161tera a pomohl mu Vladim\u00edra svrhnout. To se Borisovi poda\u0159ilo a pot\u00e9, co na bulharsk\u00fd tr\u016fn nastoupil Symeon, op\u011bt ode\u0161el do \u00fastran\u00ed kl\u00e1\u0161tera, kde roku 907 zem\u0159el.<\/p>\n

B\u011bhem historick\u00e9ho \u201eLidov\u00e9ho shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed\u201c v\u00a0Preslavi bylo byzantsk\u00e9 duchovenstvo nahrazeno bulharsk\u00fdm a \u0159eck\u00fd jazyk nahrazen t\u00edm, co je nyn\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako staroslov\u011bn\u0161tina, kter\u00e1 je v Bulharsku zn\u00e1m\u00e1 jako \u201estar\u00fd bulharsk\u00fd jazyk\u201c. Ten se tak\u00e9 stal \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edm jazykem C\u00edrkve a st\u00e1tu.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

K\u0159est cara Borise I.\u00a0a p\u0159ijet\u00ed nov\u00e9ho jm\u00e9na “Michal”<\/em><\/p>\n

Car Boris-Michal byl Pravoslavnou c\u00edrkv\u00ed kanonizov\u00e1n jako sv\u011btec a je uzn\u00e1v\u00e1n jako svat\u00fd \u201eKn\u00ed\u017ee a K\u0159titel Bulhar\u016f\u201c a rovn\u011b\u017e jako \u201eApo\u0161tol\u016fm rovn\u00fd\u201c.<\/p>\n

Den jeho pam\u00e1tky p\u0159ipad\u00e1 na 2. (15.) kv\u011btna.<\/p>\n

p\u0159ipravil a p\u0159elo\u017eil MD<\/p>\n

Zdroj:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Runciman, Steven (1930). \u00abThe Two Eagles\u00bb. A History of the First Bulgarian Empire. London: George Bell & Sons. OCLC 832687.<\/p>\n

\u1f49 \u1f0d\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u0392\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03c2 \u2013 \u039c\u03b9\u03c7\u03b1\u1f74\u03bb \u1f41 \u1f39\u03c3\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u1f41 \u03c0\u03c1\u03af\u03b3\u03ba\u03b9\u03c0\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u1f76 \u03a6\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u1fc6\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u1fe6 \u0392\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u1fe6 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bf\u1fe6. 2 \u039c\u03b1\u0390\u03bf\u03c5. \u039c\u0395\u0393\u0391\u03a3 \u03a3\u03a5\u039d\u0391\u039e\u0391\u03a1\u0399\u03a3\u03a4\u0397\u03a3.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Svat\u00fd kn\u00ed\u017ee (car) Boris I. \u2013 ve k\u0159tu Michal (+907) Boris I., ve k\u0159tu zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako\u00a0Michal, byl bulharsk\u00fd kn\u00ed\u017ee-car, kter\u00fd vl\u00e1dl Prvn\u00ed bulharsk\u00e9 \u0158\u00ed\u0161i v letech 852-889. V dob\u011b sv\u00e9ho k\u0159tu v roce 864 obdr\u017eel Boris jm\u00e9no “Michal”, kter\u00e9 mu ud\u011blil jeho nov\u00fd k\u0159estn\u00ed otec – byzantsk\u00fd c\u00edsa\u0159\u00a0Michal III., zn\u00e1m\u00fd n\u00e1m Moravan\u016fm\u00a0z\u00a0doby sv. Rostislava, kter\u00fd…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[14,17],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1744","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dejiny-pravoslavi","category-zivoty-svatych"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p9GyX2-s8","jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1744","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1744"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1744\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1756,"href":"https:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1744\/revisions\/1756"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1744"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1744"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1744"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}