{"id":1273,"date":"2020-05-03T06:00:10","date_gmt":"2020-05-03T05:00:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/pravoslavbrno.cz\/?p=1273"},"modified":"2020-05-03T07:28:06","modified_gmt":"2020-05-03T06:28:06","slug":"nezapomenutelna-a-prece-malo-znama-paschalni-liturgie-v-dachau-v-roce-1945","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/ru\/nezapomenutelna-a-prece-malo-znama-paschalni-liturgie-v-dachau-v-roce-1945\/","title":{"rendered":"Nezapomenuteln\u00e1 a p\u0159ece m\u00e1lo zn\u00e1m\u00e1 pasch\u00e1ln\u00ed liturgie v Dachau v roce 1945"},"content":{"rendered":"

Pasch\u00e1ln\u00ed svat\u00e1 liturgie roku 1945 v «Bloku 26»<\/strong><\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e celkem 32.600 v\u011bz\u0148\u016f spat\u0159ilo prvn\u00edho americk\u00e9ho voj\u00e1ka, kter\u00fd se objevil p\u0159ed plotem do tohoto koncentra\u010dn\u00edho t\u00e1bora, propukli tehdy v\u0161ichni v dojet\u00ed a osvobozuj\u00edc\u00ed pl\u00e1\u010d. Po chv\u00edli byl vypnut elektrick\u00fd proud a\u00a0br\u00e1ny nechvaln\u011b proslul\u00e9ho t\u00e1bora se kone\u010dn\u011b otev\u0159ely. Za nimi st\u00e1li lid\u00e9, sp\u00ed\u0161e p\u0159\u00edzraky, na polo vyhladov\u011bl\u00ed, nemocn\u00ed, trp\u00edc\u00ed tyfem a \u00faplavic\u00ed. Mezi nimi jak mal\u00ed 15-ti let\u00ed chlapci, tak sta\u0159\u00ed ost\u0159\u00edlen\u00ed voj\u00e1ci.<\/p>\n

Tyto ud\u00e1losti se ud\u00e1ly v pr\u00e1v\u011b prob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00edm svat\u00e9m a strastn\u00e9m t\u00fddnu p\u0159ed sv\u00e1tkem pravoslavn\u00e9 Paschy.<\/p>\n

V\u00e1le\u010dn\u00fd zpravodaj postupn\u011b hl\u00e1sil kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy z dal\u0161\u00edch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed Evropy: Hitler sp\u00e1chal sebevra\u017edu, Rusov\u00e9 dobyli Berl\u00edn a n\u011bme\u010dt\u00ed voj\u00e1ci se vzdali na jihu a na severu. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b\u00a0v Rakousku a v \u010ceskoslovensku nad\u00e1le zu\u0159ily lit\u00e9 boje.<\/p>\n

N\u011bkdo z Komise pro koordinaci mezin\u00e1rodn\u00ed v\u011bze\u0148sk\u00e9 skupiny n\u00e1s informoval, \u017ee ve spolupr\u00e1ci s jugosl\u00e1vskou a \u0159eckou v\u011bze\u0148skou komis\u00ed bude zrealizov\u00e1na pravoslavn\u00e1 bohoslu\u017eba ke dni svat\u00e9 Paschy, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b 6. kv\u011btna 1945.<\/p>\n

Mezi v\u011bzni byli tak\u00e9 pravoslavn\u00ed kn\u011b\u017e\u00ed, di\u00e1koni a skupina mnich\u016f ze Svat\u00e9 Hory Athos. Sch\u00e1zely v\u0161ak jak\u00e9koli liturgick\u00e9 n\u00e1doby a roucha, nebyly knihy, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 ikony, ani sv\u00ed\u010dky. Nebyly k\u00a0dispozici\u00a0prosfory ani v\u00edno. Ve\u0161ker\u00e9 snahy z\u00edskat alespo\u0148\u00a0n\u011bjak\u00e9 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed\u00a0vybaven\u00ed z rusk\u00e9ho chr\u00e1mu v\u00a0Mnichov\u011b vy\u0161ly napr\u00e1zdno, nebo\u0165 Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 prost\u011b nemohli naj\u00edt nikoho z\u00a0t\u00e9to farnosti v\u00a0naprosto zdevastovan\u00e9m m\u011bst\u011b. N\u011bkter\u00e9 p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky se v\u0161ak p\u0159ece jen poda\u0159ilo vy\u0159e\u0161it. P\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b \u010dty\u0159i sta katolick\u00fdch kn\u011b\u017e\u00ed dr\u017een\u00fdch v Dachau mohlo z\u016fstat spole\u010dn\u011b v\u00a0jednom bar\u00e1ku a ka\u017ed\u00fd den r\u00e1no p\u0159ed zah\u00e1jen\u00edm pr\u00e1ce slou\u017eit m\u0161e. Ti nab\u00eddli pravoslavn\u00fdm duchovn\u00edm svoji modlitebn\u00ed m\u00edstnost k\u00a0dispozici.<\/p>\n

Jednalo se o \u201eblok 26\u201c.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kaple byla hol\u00e1 a pr\u00e1zdn\u00e1, s v\u00fdjimkou d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e9ho stolu a ikony \u010censtochovsk\u00e9 Matky Bo\u017e\u00ed, kter\u00e1 visela na zdi nad stolem; jednalo se o ikonu, jej\u00ed\u017e origin\u00e1l a p\u0159edloha poch\u00e1zela z\u00a0Konstantinopole, a teprve pozd\u011bji byla p\u0159evezena do m\u011bsta Belzi v Galicii, kde ji nakonec pravoslavn\u00fdm od\u0148al polsk\u00fd kr\u00e1l. Kdy\u017e rusk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da hnala Napoleonova vojska z\u00a0\u010censtochov\u00e9, m\u00edstn\u00ed opat\u00a0\u010censtochovsk\u00e9ho kl\u00e1\u0161tera daroval kopii t\u00e9to ikony caru Alexandrovi I., kter\u00fd ji um\u00edstil do Kaza\u0148sk\u00e9 katedr\u00e1ly v Petrohrad\u011b, kde byla uct\u00edv\u00e1na a\u017e do obsazen\u00ed moci\u00a0bol\u0161eviky.<\/p>\n

Krom\u011b jin\u00e9ho bylo nalezeno tak\u00e9 d\u016fmysln\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9mu s\u00a0absenc\u00ed liturgick\u00fdch rouch. Bylo pou\u017eito nov\u00e9 lo\u017en\u00ed pr\u00e1dlo z\u00a0nemocnice b\u00fdval\u00fdch str\u00e1\u017e\u00ed SS. Pomoc\u00ed se\u0161it\u00ed dvou ru\u010dn\u00edk\u016f byly vytvo\u0159eny dva epitrachily a rovn\u011b\u017e or\u00e1r. \u010cerven\u00e9 k\u0159\u00ed\u017ee, p\u016fvodn\u011b ur\u010den\u00e9 k no\u0161en\u00ed zdravotnick\u00fdm person\u00e1lem str\u00e1\u017e\u00ed SS, byly p\u0159i\u0161ity na liturgick\u00e1 roucha se\u0161it\u00e1 z\u00a0ru\u010dn\u00edk\u016f.<\/p>\n

Na Velikono\u010dn\u00ed ned\u011bli 6. kv\u011btna (23. dubna podle juli\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho c\u00edrkevn\u00edho kalend\u00e1\u0159e), kter\u00e1 tehdy p\u0159ipadla na Den svat\u00e9ho velkomu\u010dedn\u00edka Ji\u0159\u00edho, se Srbov\u00e9, \u0158ekov\u00e9 a Rusov\u00e9\u00a0shrom\u00e1\u017edili v kas\u00e1rn\u00e1ch katolick\u00fdch kn\u011b\u017e\u00ed. P\u0159esto\u017ee Rusov\u00e9 tvo\u0159ili t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 40 procent v\u011bz\u0148\u016f v Dachau, jen men\u0161\u00edmu po\u010dtu z\u00a0nich se nakonec poda\u0159ilo z\u00fa\u010dastnit t\u00e9to bohoslu\u017eby. V\u00a0t\u00e9 dob\u011b toti\u017e\u00a0dorazily do Dachau sov\u011btsk\u00e9 jednotky zn\u00e1m\u00e9 pod ozna\u010den\u00edm \u201eSmer\u0161\u201c[1]<\/a>, kter\u00e9 m\u011bly za c\u00edl odd\u011blit sov\u011btsk\u00e9 ob\u010dany od ostatn\u00edch a p\u0159ipravit je na n\u00e1slednou repatriaci.<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> Sm\u011br\u0161 (t\u00e9\u017e Smer\u0161), (rusky: \u0421\u041c\u0415\u0420\u0428, akronym od SM\u011aR\u0165 \u0160pionam, rusky: \u0421\u041c\u0415\u0420\u0442\u044c \u0428\u043f\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043c, \u010desky: Smrt \u0161pion\u016fm) byly zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed jednotky sov\u011btsk\u00e9 vojensk\u00e9 kontrarozv\u011bdky. Jejich prvo\u0159ad\u00fdm \u00fakolem bylo odhalov\u00e1n\u00ed zr\u00e1dc\u016f a kolaborant\u016f v \u0159ad\u00e1ch Rud\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy, bojem proti pora\u017eenectv\u00ed, byly ale pov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1ny i dal\u0161\u00edmi \u00fakoly.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

V cel\u00e9 historii Pravoslavn\u00e9 c\u00edrkve pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nikdy nebyla slou\u017eena takov\u00e1 nev\u0161edn\u00ed a sou\u010dasn\u011b nezapomenuteln\u00e1 velikono\u010dn\u00ed bohoslu\u017eba jako ta v Dachau v roce 1945. \u0158ekov\u00e9 a srb\u0161t\u00ed kn\u011b\u017e\u00ed spole\u010dn\u011b se srbsk\u00fdm di\u00e1konem nosili provizorn\u011b vytvo\u0159en\u00e1 roucha, pod nimi\u017e m\u011bli st\u00e1le je\u0161t\u011b sv\u00e9 v\u011bze\u0148sk\u00e9 uniformy. Pak za\u010dali zp\u00edvat, p\u0159ech\u00e1zet z \u0159e\u010dtiny do c\u00edrkevn\u00ed slovan\u0161tiny, a pak zase zp\u011bt do \u0159e\u010dtiny. Velikono\u010dn\u00ed k\u00e1non, velikono\u010dn\u00ed stichiry, to v\u0161e bylo zp\u00edv\u00e1no zpam\u011bti. Evangelium \u2013 \u201eNa po\u010d\u00e1tku bylo Slovo\u201c \u2013 tak\u00e9 zpam\u011bti.<\/p>\n

Poslechn\u011bme si sv\u011bdectv\u00ed jednoho \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edka t\u00e9to nezapomenuteln\u00e9 pasch\u00e1ln\u00ed slu\u017eby v Dachau konan\u00e9 v roce 1945:<\/p>\n

\u201cA nakonec\u00a0i\u00a0tradi\u010dn\u00ed velikono\u010dn\u00ed\u00a0\u201cK\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed\u201d svat\u00e9ho Jana Zlato\u00fast\u00e9ho na sv\u00e1tek svat\u00e9\u00a0Paschy. Rovn\u011b\u017e zpam\u011bti. Jeden mlad\u00fd \u0159eck\u00fd mnich ze Svat\u00e9 Hory Athos se p\u0159ed n\u00e1mi postavil a p\u0159ednesl ho tak zap\u00e1len\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, s takov\u00fdm nad\u0161en\u00edm, \u017ee na n\u011bho nikdy nezapomeneme, dokud budeme \u017eivi. Zd\u00e1lo se, \u017ee svat\u00fd Jan Zlato\u00fast\u00fd k n\u00e1m a k ostatn\u00edmu sv\u011btu promlouv\u00e1 \u00fasty tohoto mnicha i dnes! Tak \u017eiv\u011b a autenticky,\u201c vzpom\u00ednal po letech o\u010dit\u00fd sv\u011bdek t\u011bchto ud\u00e1lost\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Osmn\u00e1ct pravoslavn\u00fdch kn\u011b\u017e\u00ed a jeden di\u00e1kon \u2013 v\u011bt\u0161ina z nich byli Srbov\u00e9 \u2013 se z\u00fa\u010dastnilo t\u00e9to nezapomenuteln\u00e9 bohoslu\u017eby. Podobn\u011b jako kdysi, v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b evangeln\u00edho p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu o nemocn\u00e9m mu\u017ei, kter\u00fd by snesen p\u0159es st\u0159echu domu a\u017e p\u0159ed Krista, tak i \u0159eck\u00fd archimandrita Meletios byl p\u0159en\u00e1\u0161en na nos\u00edtk\u00e1ch do kaple, kde z\u016fstal po celou dobu svat\u00e9 liturgie.<\/p>\n

Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed zn\u00e1m\u00e9 v\u011bzn\u011b z Dachau pat\u0159\u00ed i ned\u00e1vno kanonizovan\u00fd biskup svat\u00fd Nikolaj Velimirovi\u010d, kter\u00fd se pozd\u011bji stal prvn\u00edm spr\u00e1vcem Srbsk\u00e9 pravoslavn\u00e9 c\u00edrkve v USA a Kanad\u011b; jako\u017e i archim. Dion\u00fdsios, kter\u00fd byl po v\u00e1lce ustanoven metropolitou ve m\u011bst\u011b Trikkis a Stagnon v \u0158ecku.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Rusk\u00e1 pravoslavn\u00e9 kaple «Vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed» v Dachau<\/em><\/p>\n

Otec Dion\u00fdsios byl v roce 1942 zat\u010den za ud\u011blen\u00ed azylu anglick\u00e9mu d\u016fstojn\u00edkovi, kter\u00fd prchal p\u0159ed nacisty. Byl mu\u010den, proto\u017ee neprozradil jm\u00e9na ostatn\u00edch, kte\u0159\u00ed se pod\u00edleli na pomoci spojeneck\u00fdm voj\u00e1k\u016fm, a pot\u00e9 byl v\u011bzn\u011bn po dobu osmn\u00e1cti m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f v Soluni, ne\u017e byl nakonec p\u0159em\u00edst\u011bn do Dachau. B\u011bhem dvou let v Dachau byl sv\u011bdkem nacistick\u00fdch zv\u011brstev a velmi s\u00e1m trp\u011bl. Ve sv\u00e9 knize \u201cIeroi Palmoi\u201d (Posv\u00e1tn\u00fd tlukot srdce) zaznamenal mnoho bolestn\u00fdch z\u00e1\u017eitk\u016f. Mezi nimi byly tak\u00e9 pravideln\u00e9 pochody na smrt, na popravi\u0161t\u011b, kde byl osobn\u011b na posledn\u00ed chv\u00edli u\u0161et\u0159en, zesm\u011b\u0161n\u011bn a pak navr\u00e1cen zp\u011bt do v\u011bze\u0148sk\u00fdch bar\u00e1k\u016f.<\/p>\n

Po osvobozen\u00ed pom\u00e1hal otec Dion\u00fdsios spojenc\u016fm p\u0159em\u00edstit b\u00fdval\u00e9 v\u011bzn\u011b z Dachau na jin\u00e1 m\u00edsta a zabezpe\u010dit jim pokud mo\u017eno b\u011b\u017en\u00fd a neru\u0161en\u00fd \u017eivot. P\u0159ed svou smrt\u00ed se tehdy ji\u017e metropolita Dion\u00fdsios vr\u00e1til je\u0161t\u011b jednou z \u0158ecka\u00a0do Dachau a slou\u017eil zde prvn\u00ed Svatou liturgii ji\u017e v dob\u011b m\u00edru. Psal se rok 1949. Tehdy vladyka Dion\u00fdsios vzpom\u00ednal na sv\u00e1tek svat\u00e9 Paschy z kv\u011btna 1945 t\u011bmito slovy:<\/p>\n

\u201cNa voln\u00e9m prostranstv\u00ed se shroma\u017e\u010fuj\u00ed pravoslavn\u00ed \u0158ekov\u00e9 a Srbov\u00e9. Ve st\u0159edu tohoto shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed jsou dva kn\u011b\u017e\u00ed, srbsk\u00fd a \u0159eck\u00fd. Nemaj\u00ed na sob\u011b zlat\u00e9 ozdoby. Dokonce nemaj\u00ed ani kn\u011b\u017eskou kleriku. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e9 mitry, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 bohoslu\u017eebn\u00e9 knihy v rukou. Nyn\u00ed ji\u017e nepot\u0159ebuj\u00ed vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, materi\u00e1ln\u00ed sv\u011btla a z\u00e1\u0159e, aby zp\u00edvali o radosti. Jejich du\u0161e jsou jako v ohni, v z\u00e1plav\u011b sv\u011btla. Na\u0161e rty \u0161eptali Blahoslaven B\u016fh n\u00e1\u0161<\/em> a Kristus vstal z mrtv\u00fdch<\/em>.\u201d<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

29. dubna 1995, p\u0159i pades\u00e1t\u00e9m v\u00fdro\u010d\u00ed osvobozen\u00ed Dachau, byla vysv\u011bcena kaple-pam\u00e1tn\u00edk Rusk\u00e9 pravoslavn\u00e9 c\u00edrkve v Dachau. Byla zasv\u011bcena Kristovu Vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed. V\u00a0jej\u00edch prostor\u00e1ch se nach\u00e1z\u00ed ikona zobrazuj\u00edc\u00ed and\u011bly, kte\u0159\u00ed otev\u00edraj\u00ed br\u00e1ny koncentra\u010dn\u00edho t\u00e1bora, a s\u00e1m Kristus vede v\u011bzn\u011b ke svobod\u011b. Jednoduch\u00e1 d\u0159ev\u011bn\u00e1, ku\u017eelovit\u00e1 architektura kaple p\u0159edstavuje tradi\u010dn\u00ed h\u0159bitovn\u00ed kapli rusk\u00e9ho severu. Jednotliv\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti kaple byly postaveny zku\u0161en\u00fdmi \u0159emesln\u00edky z Vladim\u00edrsk\u00e9 oblasti v Rusku a smontov\u00e1ny p\u0159\u00edmo v Dachau veter\u00e1ny Z\u00e1padn\u00ed skupiny rusk\u00fdch sil t\u011bsn\u011b p\u0159ed jejich odchodem z N\u011bmecka v roce 1994. Kn\u011b\u017e\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed se \u00fa\u010dastnili velikono\u010dn\u00ed liturgie roku 1945, jsou p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1ni b\u011bhem ka\u017ed\u00e9 bohoslu\u017eby, kter\u00e1 se v t\u00e9to kapli kon\u00e1, spolu se v\u0161emi pravoslavn\u00fdmi k\u0159es\u0165any, kte\u0159\u00ed p\u0159i\u0161li o \u017eivot \u201ena tomto m\u00edst\u011b nebo na jin\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b mu\u010den\u00ed\u201c.<\/p>\n

Kristus vstal z mrtv\u00fdch! Vpravd\u011b vstal z mrtv\u00fdch!<\/p>\n

…<\/p>\n

N\u00e1zev: Dachau 1945: The Souls of All Are Aflame<\/p>\n

Autor: Douglas Cramer<\/header>\n

St. Peter Orthodox Church<\/p>\n

Zdroj: Antiochian Orthodox Archdiocese<\/p>\n

vybral, p\u0159elo\u017eil a redak\u010dn\u011b upravil MD<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pasch\u00e1ln\u00ed svat\u00e1 liturgie roku 1945 v «Bloku 26» Kdy\u017e celkem 32.600 v\u011bz\u0148\u016f spat\u0159ilo prvn\u00edho americk\u00e9ho voj\u00e1ka, kter\u00fd se objevil p\u0159ed plotem do tohoto koncentra\u010dn\u00edho t\u00e1bora, propukli tehdy v\u0161ichni v dojet\u00ed a osvobozuj\u00edc\u00ed pl\u00e1\u010d. Po chv\u00edli byl vypnut elektrick\u00fd proud a\u00a0br\u00e1ny nechvaln\u011b proslul\u00e9ho t\u00e1bora se kone\u010dn\u011b otev\u0159ely. Za nimi st\u00e1li lid\u00e9, sp\u00ed\u0161e p\u0159\u00edzraky, na polo vyhladov\u011bl\u00ed,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1273","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-homilie"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p9GyX2-kx","jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1273","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1273"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1273\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1277,"href":"https:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1273\/revisions\/1277"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1273"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1273"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/ru\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1273"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}