{"id":806,"date":"2018-03-17T13:26:43","date_gmt":"2018-03-17T12:26:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/pravoslavbrno.cz\/?p=806"},"modified":"2018-03-17T13:32:32","modified_gmt":"2018-03-17T12:32:32","slug":"z-myslenek-a-uceni-svateho-jana-sinajskeho-receneho-klimaka","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/uk\/z-myslenek-a-uceni-svateho-jana-sinajskeho-receneho-klimaka\/","title":{"rendered":"Z my\u0161lenek a u\u010den\u00ed svat\u00e9ho Jana Sinajsk\u00e9ho, \u0159e\u010den\u00e9ho Klimaka"},"content":{"rendered":"

Podle svat\u00e9ho Jana Klimaka nemohou slov\u016fm zku\u0161en\u00fdch porozum\u011bt ti, kte\u0159\u00ed naopak tuto zku\u0161enost postr\u00e1daj\u00ed. Krit\u00e9riem ryz\u00ed a pravdiv\u00e9 (\u010dili nepodvr\u017een\u00e9) teologie je stanovisko a vztah teologa ke zku\u0161enosti: k\u00a0empirii spole\u010denstv\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bka s\u00a0\u017eiv\u00fdm osobn\u00edm Bohem. V\u00a0tomto bod\u011b se p\u0159\u00edstupy pravoslavn\u00e9 a z\u00e1padn\u00ed teologie zna\u010dn\u011b rozch\u00e1zej\u00ed. B\u016fh pravoslavn\u00fdch nen\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00fdm neosobn\u00edm po\u010d\u00e1tkem, ideou, ji\u017e se sna\u017e\u00edme uchopit pomoc\u00ed filosofick\u00fdch soud\u016f.[1]<\/a> Z\u00a0toho vypl\u00fdv\u00e1, \u017ee teologii nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 srovn\u00e1vat s klasickou filosofi\u00ed, n\u00fdbr\u017e \u017ee je t\u0159eba ji ztoto\u017enit s osobn\u00ed teologickou zku\u0161enost\u00ed Bo\u017e\u00ed blahodati. Pro sv. \u0158eho\u0159e Palamu a ka\u017ed\u00e9ho svatohorsk\u00e9ho mnicha je p\u0159edpokladem pozn\u00e1n\u00ed Boha: celkov\u00e9 o\u010di\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed od v\u00e1\u0161n\u00ed, d\u00e1le tajnod\u011bjn\u00fd \u017eivot (svat\u00fdch Tajin) a modlitba.[2]<\/a><\/p>\n

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V\u00a0souladu s\u00a0u\u010den\u00edm ctih. Jana Klimaka, \u0159e\u010den\u00e9ho Lestvi\u010dn\u00edka,\u00a0kter\u00fd se t\u00e9matem hesychie zab\u00fdv\u00e1 ve 27. a\u00a028. kapitole[3]<\/a> sv\u00e9ho v\u011bhlasn\u00e9ho d\u00edla \u201eLestvice\u201c, ti, kte\u0159\u00ed s\u00a0odvahou vedou z\u00e1pas v\u00a0kinovii, \u201espl\u00e9taj\u00ed sob\u011b v\u011bnce klidu a hesychie\u201c. \u201eMilovn\u00edk hesychie m\u00e1 v\u00a0sob\u011b jak\u00e9si pevn\u00e9 odhodl\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 bedliv\u011b stoj\u00ed ve dve\u0159\u00edch jeho srdce a p\u0159ich\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed sem my\u0161lenky ni\u010d\u00ed anebo odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed.\u201c[4]<\/a> Svat\u00fd Jan Klimakos\u00a0doslova uv\u00e1d\u00ed, \u017ee \u201educhovn\u011b-rozumn\u00fd hesychasta (\u010dili ten, kter\u00fd \u017eije v\u00a0posv\u00e1tn\u00e9 ml\u010denlivosti a\u00a0zab\u00fdv\u00e1 se modlitbou mysli) nem\u00e1 pot\u0159ebu v\u00a0pou\u010den\u00edch vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00fdch slovy, nebo\u0165 m\u00edsto slov b\u00fdv\u00e1 osv\u011bcov\u00e1n samotn\u00fdmi skutky\u201c[5]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Svat\u00fd Jan Klimakos n\u00e1s pou\u010dil tak\u00e9 o tom, \u017ee \u201eand\u011bl\u00e9 jsou sv\u011btlem mnich\u016f\u201c a analogicky s\u00a0t\u00edm, \u201emni\u0161i jsou sv\u011btlem lid\u00ed\u201c. B\u011bda v\u0161ak tomu, \u201ekdo mnicha chv\u00e1l\u00ed, nebo\u0165 ten jej vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 do rukou nep\u0159\u00edtele\u201c. Hlavn\u00ed mni\u0161skou aktivitou m\u00e1 b\u00fdt zejm\u00e9na spalov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00e1\u0161n\u00ed, \u201ejako kdy\u017e ohe\u0148 spaluje d\u0159\u00edv\u00ed\u201c[6]<\/a>. Spalov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00e1\u0161n\u00ed je v\u0161ak tak\u00e9 prvo\u0159ad\u00fdm \u00fakolem v\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00edho k\u0159es\u0165ana ve sv\u011bt\u011b. Jak lze vid\u011bt, mnich (d\u00edky tomu, \u017ee odlo\u017eil sv\u011btsk\u00e9 starosti, kter\u00e9 v\u00a0souladu s\u00a0v\u00fdroky ctihodn\u00fdch otc\u016f \u201eodeb\u00edraj\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bku ve\u0161kerou hojnost a nech\u00e1vaj\u00ed ho vyschnout\u201c) zasv\u011bcuje cel\u00fd sv\u016fj \u017eivot a celou svou energii Bo\u017e\u00edmu d\u00edlu, pok\u00e1n\u00ed, osv\u00edcen\u00ed, napl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed P\u00e1nov\u00fdch p\u0159ik\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed o l\u00e1sce, kterou nem\u00e1 nikdo v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e ten, kdo je ochoten polo\u017eit \u017eivot za sv\u00e9 p\u0159\u00e1tele.[7]<\/a> V\u00a0tomto smyslu je pr\u00e1v\u011b spole\u010dn\u00fd \u017eivot mnich\u016f v\u00a0monast\u00fdru vzorem k\u00a0dokonal\u00e9mu uplat\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed principu l\u00e1sky k\u00a0bli\u017en\u00edmu, kter\u00e1 nach\u00e1z\u00ed sv\u00e9 napln\u011bn\u00ed ve vz\u00e1jemn\u00e9 ob\u011bti. A to je on\u00edm cenn\u00fdm \u201eparadigmatem\u201c, kter\u00fd \u010derp\u00e1me ze \u017eivota mni\u0161sk\u00e9 komunity a kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee inspirovat k\u00a0je\u0161t\u011b opravdov\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu duchovn\u00edmu \u017eivotu i ty z\u00a0n\u00e1s, kte\u0159\u00ed \u017eijeme obt\u011b\u017ek\u00e1ni t\u00edhou starost\u00ed o pozemsk\u00e9 statky, d\u011bti a povinnosti rodinn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

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K\u00a0tomu, abychom mohli i my, k\u0159es\u0165an\u00e9 \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed ve sv\u011bt\u011b, \u017e\u00edt nikoli \u201epodle princip\u016f a v\u00e1\u0161n\u00ed tohoto sv\u011btsk\u00e9ho sv\u011bta a obrazu \u017eivota\u201c, je t\u0159eba, abychom hledali a nach\u00e1zeli v\u017edy dobr\u00e9 a dokonal\u00e9 vzory k\u00a0n\u00e1sledov\u00e1n\u00ed, jimi\u017e jsou nejen svat\u00ed, ale rovn\u011b\u017e na\u0161i duchovn\u00ed past\u00fd\u0159i, v\u00a0nich\u017e nach\u00e1z\u00edme dar a ide\u00e1l duchovn\u00edho otcovstv\u00ed. To nicm\u00e9n\u011b vy\u017eaduje ka\u017edodenn\u00ed sebezap\u0159en\u00ed a ob\u011b\u0165, naprost\u00e9 a \u00fapln\u00e9 nab\u00eddnut\u00ed sebe sama jako duchovn\u00edho otce sv\u00fdm duchovn\u00edm d\u011btem.[8]<\/a> Je to pln\u011b v\u00a0souladu s t\u00edm, co k\u00a0tomuto t\u00e9matu dod\u00e1v\u00e1 svat\u00fd Jan Klimakos: \u201eOpravdov\u00e9ho past\u00fd\u0159e dokazuje l\u00e1ska, nebo\u0165 s\u00e1m Past\u00fd\u0159 (Kristus) byl za l\u00e1sku uk\u0159i\u017eov\u00e1n.\u201c[9]<\/a><\/p>\n

MD<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> Viz \u0393\u0395\u03a9\u03a1\u0393\u0399\u039f\u03a3, \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03bc.: \u039f \u03ac\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u0393\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bf \u03a0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03ac\u03c2 \u2013 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03ac\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03c2<\/em>, s. 58.<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> Viz tamt\u00e9\u017e, s. 59.<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> Kapitoly s\u00a0n\u00e1zvem \u201eO posv\u00e1tn\u00e9 hesychii t\u011bla i\u00a0du\u0161e\u201c a \u201eO modlitb\u011b\u201c.<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> \u0418\u041e\u0410\u041d\u041d \u041b\u0415\u0421\u0422\u0412\u0418\u0427\u041d\u0418\u041a: \u041b\u0415\u0421\u0422\u0412\u0418\u0426\u0410 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0446\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0418\u041e\u0410\u041d\u041d\u0410 \u0438\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0421\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u044b<\/em>. \u041b\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0446\u0430 2000, s. 408.<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a> \u0418\u041e\u0410\u041d\u041d \u041b\u0415\u0421\u0422\u0412\u0418\u0427\u041d\u0418\u041a: \u041b\u0415\u0421\u0422\u0412\u0418\u0426\u0410 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0446\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0418\u041e\u0410\u041d\u041d\u0410 \u0438\u0433\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0421\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u044b<\/em>, s. 409\u2013410.<\/p>\n

[6]<\/a> APOFTHEGMATA III. V\u00fdroky a p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy pou\u0161tn\u00edch otc\u016f<\/em>, s. 72.<\/p>\n

[7]<\/a> Jn 15, 13: \u201eV\u011bt\u0161\u00edho milov\u00e1n\u00ed nad to \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd nem\u00e1, ne\u017e aby du\u0161i svou polo\u017eil za p\u0159\u00e1tele sv\u00e9.\u201c<\/p>\n

[8]<\/a> Viz \u0393\u0395\u03a9\u03a1\u0393\u0399\u039f\u03a3, \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03bc.: \u039f \u03ac\u03b3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u039d\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bd\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd<\/em>, s. 149.<\/p>\n

[9]<\/a> \u0399\u039f\u0391\u039d\u039d\u0397\u03a3 \u03a4\u0397\u03a3 \u039a\u039b\u0399\u039c\u0391\u039a\u039f\u03a3: \u039b\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1, <\/em>5:<\/em> \u201e\u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03b3\u03ac\u03c0\u03b7, \u03b4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b3\u03ac\u03c0\u03b7\u03bd \u03b3\u03ac\u03c1 \u03bf \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03bd \u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c1\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7.\u201c<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Podle svat\u00e9ho Jana Klimaka nemohou slov\u016fm zku\u0161en\u00fdch porozum\u011bt ti, kte\u0159\u00ed naopak tuto zku\u0161enost postr\u00e1daj\u00ed. Krit\u00e9riem ryz\u00ed a pravdiv\u00e9 (\u010dili nepodvr\u017een\u00e9) teologie je stanovisko a vztah teologa ke zku\u0161enosti: k\u00a0empirii spole\u010denstv\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bka s\u00a0\u017eiv\u00fdm osobn\u00edm Bohem. V\u00a0tomto bod\u011b se p\u0159\u00edstupy pravoslavn\u00e9 a z\u00e1padn\u00ed teologie zna\u010dn\u011b rozch\u00e1zej\u00ed. B\u016fh pravoslavn\u00fdch nen\u00ed n\u011bjak\u00fdm neosobn\u00edm po\u010d\u00e1tkem, ideou, ji\u017e se sna\u017e\u00edme uchopit…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[11,10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-806","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-homilie","category-pouceni-z-pateriku"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p9GyX2-d0","jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/806","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=806"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"http:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/806\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":813,"href":"http:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/806\/revisions\/813"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=806"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=806"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=806"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}