{"id":631,"date":"2021-01-14T01:00:39","date_gmt":"2021-01-14T00:00:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/pravoslavbrno.cz\/?p=631"},"modified":"2021-01-14T09:36:41","modified_gmt":"2021-01-14T08:36:41","slug":"velky-zazrak-svateho-basila-velikeho-v-nikaji","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/uk\/velky-zazrak-svateho-basila-velikeho-v-nikaji\/","title":{"rendered":"Velk\u00fd z\u00e1zrak svat\u00e9ho Basila Velik\u00e9ho v Nik\u00e1ji"},"content":{"rendered":"

Otev\u0159en\u00ed dve\u0159\u00ed chr\u00e1mu na p\u0159\u00edmluvy
\na <\/strong>znamen\u00ed k\u0159\u00ed\u017ee sv. Basila<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Kdy\u017e v\u00a0Konstantinopoli vl\u00e1dl c\u00edsa\u0159 Valens (v letech 364\u2013378), p\u0159i\u0161li k n\u011bmu ari\u00e1n\u0161t\u00ed biskupov\u00e9 a kn\u011b\u017e\u00ed z Nik\u00e1je (t\u00e9\u017e Nicaea \u010di Nikaia) a dom\u00e1hali se, aby jim p\u0159edal metropolitn\u00ed chr\u00e1m, aby v\u00a0n\u011bm mohli slou\u017eit, a naopak aby c\u00edsa\u0159 vyhnal dosud zde p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00edho pravoslavn\u00e9ho archijereje. Valens, jeliko\u017e s\u00a0nimi sd\u00edlel jejich v\u011brou\u010dn\u00fd blud (tj. ari\u00e1nskou herezi, kter\u00e1 zpochyb\u0148ovala Kristovo bo\u017estv\u00ed a Jeho\u00a0jednobytnost s\u00a0Bohem-Otcem), jim vyhov\u011bl. Poslal sv\u00e9 voj\u00e1ky do Nik\u00e1je, vyhnal arcibiskupa pravoslavn\u00fdch k\u0159es\u0165an\u016f a ustanovil pr\u00e1vo k\u00a0u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed chr\u00e1mu pr\u00e1v\u011b Ari\u00e1n\u016fm.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e se to dozv\u011bd\u011bli pravoslavn\u00ed k\u0159es\u0165an\u00e9 z\u00a0Nik\u00e1je, obr\u00e1tili se na svat\u00e9ho Basila Velik\u00e9ho, aby se za n\u011b u c\u00edsa\u0159e p\u0159imluvil, v jeho\u017e zm\u011bnu n\u00e1zoru st\u00e1le doufali.<\/p>\n

Svat\u00fd Basil Velik\u00fd[1]<\/a> (330-379) souhlasil a ode\u0161el do Konstantinopole, aby nav\u0161t\u00edvil c\u00edsa\u0159e, kter\u00e9mu \u0159ekl:<\/p>\n

\u201eC\u00edsa\u0159i, prorok David prav\u00ed: \u201eMoc zajist\u00e9 kr\u00e1lova miluje soud; ty jsi ustanovil pr\u00e1va, soud a spravedlnost…\u201c (\u017dalm 99,4) Moudr\u00fd \u0160alamoun miloval spravedliv\u00fd soud. Pro\u010d je ale Tv\u00e9 panov\u00e1n\u00ed bez spravedliv\u00e9ho soudu a pro\u010d jsi vyhnal pravoslavn\u00e9 (k\u0159es\u0165any) z\u00a0jejich chr\u00e1mu a p\u0159edal ho heretick\u00fdm Ari\u00e1n\u016fm?\u201c<\/p>\n

Kr\u00e1l Valens tehdy \u0159ekl: \u201eZnovu si dovoluje\u0161, Basile, mne ur\u00e1\u017eet? Nen\u00ed vhodn\u00e9, abys pron\u00e1\u0161el takov\u00e9 soudy,\u201c \u0159ekl c\u00edsa\u0159 Valens.<\/p>\n

Ale svat\u00fd Basil odpov\u011bd\u011bl: \u201ePro spravedlnost jsem p\u0159ipraven i zem\u0159\u00edt, c\u00edsa\u0159i.\u201c Na to vl\u00e1dce Valens odv\u011btil: \u201eJdi s\u00e1m do Nik\u00e1je a s\u00e1m rozsu\u010f ve sv\u00e9 spravedlnosti ob\u011b sporn\u00e9 strany. Ned\u011blej v\u0161ak pouze to, co chce tv\u016fj lid.\u201c<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Poz\u016fstatky star\u00e9ho byzantsk\u00e9ho chr\u00e1mu v Nik\u00e1ji v Byth\u00fdnii (dne\u0161n\u00ed Turecko)<\/em><\/p>\n

Svat\u00fd Basil v\u0161ak odpov\u011bd\u011bl ve sv\u00e9 moudrosti c\u00edsa\u0159i:<\/p>\n

\u201eDej mi moc, abych s\u00e1m soudil, c\u00edsa\u0159i, a pokud se dozv\u00ed\u0161, \u017ee jsem up\u0159ednostnil (pravoslavn\u00e9) k\u0159es\u0165any, pak m\u011b klidn\u011b zabij.\u201c<\/p>\n

A tak svat\u00fd Basil p\u0159ijal od c\u00edsa\u0159e Valense moc soudit a ode\u0161el do Nik\u00e1je, kde shrom\u00e1\u017edil v\u0161echny pravoslavn\u00e9 k\u0159es\u0165any a tak\u00e9 Ari\u00e1ny, k\u00a0nim\u017e promluvil takto:<\/p>\n

\u201eHle, p\u0159i\u0161el jsem podle rozkazu c\u00edsa\u0159e. U\u010din\u00edme to n\u00e1sledovn\u011b. Zav\u0159eme nyn\u00ed spole\u010dn\u011b chr\u00e1mov\u00e9 dve\u0159e, my pravoslavn\u00ed i vy Ari\u00e1ni. Nejprve se budete modlit vy. A kdy\u017e se chr\u00e1mov\u00e9 dve\u0159e otev\u0159ou, ponech\u00e1te si\u00a0chr\u00e1m v u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed vy. Kdy\u017e se ale neotev\u0159ou, budeme se modlit my pravoslavn\u00ed. A pokud se dve\u0159e chr\u00e1mu na z\u00e1klad\u011b na\u0161ich modliteb otev\u0159ou, z\u016fstane chr\u00e1m naopak v\u00a0na\u0161\u00ed spr\u00e1v\u011b a u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed. Kdy\u017e se ale chr\u00e1mov\u00e9 dve\u0159e neotev\u0159ou ani n\u00e1m,\u00a0ponech\u00e1te si nakonec metropolitn\u00ed chr\u00e1m vy.\u201c<\/p>\n

Tento n\u00e1vrh svat\u00e9ho Basila v\u0161ichni p\u0159ijali, nebo\u0165 jej pova\u017eovali za spravedliv\u00fd a rozumn\u00fd. Na\u010de\u017e pravoslavn\u00ed spolu s\u00a0Ari\u00e1ny chr\u00e1mov\u00e9 dve\u0159e uzav\u0159eli a zape\u010detili. Pot\u00e9 se Ari\u00e1ni, kte\u0159\u00ed byli p\u0159ed chr\u00e1mem shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bni, t\u0159i dny modlili a prosili za otev\u0159en\u00ed dve\u0159\u00ed. Jejich modlitbu v\u0161ak Kristus, kter\u00e9ho oni sv\u00fdm u\u010den\u00edm hanili, nevysly\u0161el.<\/p>\n

Svat\u00fd Basil jim pak \u0159ekl: \u201eTe\u010f se tedy pomodl\u00edme\u00a0my.\u201c<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Tehdy svat\u00fd Basil vyzval v\u0161echny p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00e9 pravoslavn\u00e9 k\u0159es\u0165any, aby ho n\u00e1sledovali, a ode\u0161el s\u00a0nimi do nedalek\u00e9ho chr\u00e1mu svat\u00e9ho velkomu\u010dedn\u00edka Diomeda. V\u00a0n\u011bm slou\u017eil se v\u0161emi p\u0159\u00edtomn\u00fdmi v\u0161eno\u010dn\u00ed bd\u011bn\u00ed. R\u00e1no se p\u0159esunul zp\u011bt k\u00a0metropolitn\u00edmu chr\u00e1mu, n\u00e1sledov\u00e1n z\u00e1stupem pravoslavn\u00fdch. Ari\u00e1ni z\u016fst\u00e1vali vpovzd\u00e1l\u00ed a pozorovali, co se bude d\u00edt.<\/p>\n

Tehdy svat\u00fd Basil t\u0159ikr\u00e1t p\u0159e\u017eehnal znamen\u00edm k\u0159\u00ed\u017ee dve\u0159e chr\u00e1mu a \u0159ekl: \u201ePo\u017eehnan\u00fd B\u016fh k\u0159es\u0165an\u016f na v\u011bky v\u011bk\u016fv.\u201c A co se nestalo! Mocn\u00fd z\u00e1zrak! P\u00e1ky dve\u0159\u00ed povolily a ty se otev\u0159ely. P\u0159ed zraky v\u0161ech. Pot\u00e9 svat\u00fd Basil ve\u0161el dovnit\u0159 a se v\u0161emi v\u011brn\u00fdmi k\u0159es\u0165any vykonal svatou bo\u017eskou liturgii. Kdy\u017e pak po\u017eehnal lid, p\u0159edal chr\u00e1m pravoslavn\u00fdm k\u0159es\u0165an\u016fm.<\/p>\n

To se ud\u00e1lo dne 19. ledna.<\/p>\n

Nejen, \u017ee pravoslavn\u00ed k\u0159es\u0165an\u00e9 v\u00a0ten den poc\u00edtili mimo\u0159\u00e1dnou radost z\u00a0mocn\u00e9ho z\u00e1zraku, proto\u017ee znovu z\u00edskali sv\u016fj chr\u00e1m, ale tak\u00e9 mnoz\u00ed z\u00a0Ari\u00e1n\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed\u00a0vid\u011bli z\u00e1zrak svat\u00e9ho Basila, se navr\u00e1tili k pravoslavn\u00e9 v\u00ed\u0159e a zanechali sv\u00e9ho bludn\u00e9ho u\u010den\u00ed.<\/p>\n

www.ekklisiaonline.gr<\/a><\/p>\n

Pro zaj\u00edmavost:<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u0159ekvapen\u00ed ture\u010dt\u00ed v\u011bdci a obyvatel\u00e9 historick\u00e9ho byzantsk\u00e9ho m\u011bsta Nik\u00e1je objevili jedno r\u00e1no pod hladinou vody v m\u00edstn\u00edm jeze\u0159e p\u016fdorys velikolep\u00e9ho byzantsk\u00e9ho pravoslavn\u00e9ho chr\u00e1mu. Podle zpr\u00e1v samotn\u00fdch Turk\u016f tyto z\u00e1klady pat\u0159\u00ed historick\u00e9mu byzantsk\u00e9mu chr\u00e1mu, kter\u00fd byl zasv\u011bcen sv. Petrovi a kter\u00fd byl postaven ve \u010dtvrt\u00e9m stolet\u00ed. Tento chr\u00e1m pat\u0159il\u00a0podle n\u00e1zoru odborn\u00edk\u016f\u00a0k\u00a0prvn\u00edm velk\u00fdm byzantsk\u00fdm chr\u00e1m\u016fm, kter\u00e9 pozd\u011bji zdobily pravoslavnou k\u0159es\u0165anskou Malou \u00c1sii.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Nen\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o tent\u00fd\u017e metropolitn\u00ed chr\u00e1m, jeho\u017e dve\u0159e se z\u00e1zra\u010dn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem otev\u0159ely na p\u0159\u00edmluvy svat\u00e9ho Basila Velik\u00e9ho a tehdej\u0161\u00edch pravoslavn\u00fdch k\u0159es\u0165an\u016f, nicm\u00e9n\u011b i tato zpr\u00e1va odhaluje v\u00fdznam Byzance pro dne\u0161n\u00ed sv\u011bt, nebo\u0165 d\u00e1vn\u00e1 historie st\u00e1le vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 cenn\u00e1 historick\u00e1 sv\u011bdectv\u00ed o k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9m V\u00fdchodu.<\/p>\n

Zdroj:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nikos Chiladakis, Novin\u00e1\u0159-spisovatel-turkolog<\/p>\n

www.nikosxeiladakis.gr<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> Svat\u00fd Basil Velik\u00fd pat\u0159\u00ed mezi nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u0159eck\u00e9 ran\u011b k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 teology 4. stolet\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou ozna\u010dov\u00e1ni jako kapado\u010dt\u00ed otcov\u00e9 (vedle Basila mezi n\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed t\u00e9\u017e sv. \u0158eho\u0159 z Nazianzu, zvan\u00fd Teolog,\u00a0a Basil\u016fv bratr, sv. \u0158eho\u0159 Nyssk\u00fd). Kappado\u010dt\u00ed otcov\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou \u0159azeni mezi mlad\u0161\u00ed c\u00edrkevn\u00ed otce, v\u00fdznamn\u011b prosp\u011bli k v\u0161eobecn\u00e9mu prosazen\u00ed nik\u00e1jsk\u00e9ho dogmatu o bo\u017esk\u00e9 Trojici ve v\u00fdchodn\u00ed pravoslavn\u00e9 c\u00edrkvi (proti arianismu) a d\u00edky sv\u00e9mu klasick\u00e9mu vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed je zp\u0159\u00edstupnili p\u0159ijateln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed liter\u00e1rn\u00ed a r\u00e9torickou formou. V\u00fdchodn\u00ed i z\u00e1padn\u00ed c\u00edrkev jej uct\u00edv\u00e1 jako svat\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Otev\u0159en\u00ed dve\u0159\u00ed chr\u00e1mu na p\u0159\u00edmluvy a znamen\u00ed k\u0159\u00ed\u017ee sv. Basila Kdy\u017e v\u00a0Konstantinopoli vl\u00e1dl c\u00edsa\u0159 Valens (v letech 364\u2013378), p\u0159i\u0161li k n\u011bmu ari\u00e1n\u0161t\u00ed biskupov\u00e9 a kn\u011b\u017e\u00ed z Nik\u00e1je (t\u00e9\u017e Nicaea \u010di Nikaia) a dom\u00e1hali se, aby jim p\u0159edal metropolitn\u00ed chr\u00e1m, aby v\u00a0n\u011bm mohli slou\u017eit, a naopak aby c\u00edsa\u0159 vyhnal dosud zde p\u016fsob\u00edc\u00edho pravoslavn\u00e9ho archijereje. Valens, jeliko\u017e…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[14,9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-631","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dejiny-pravoslavi","category-pouceni-svatych-otcu"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p9GyX2-ab","jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/631","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=631"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"http:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/631\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10062,"href":"http:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/631\/revisions\/10062"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=631"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=631"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=631"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}