{"id":50,"date":"2018-01-30T21:28:55","date_gmt":"2018-01-30T20:28:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/pravoslavbrno.cz\/?p=50"},"modified":"2018-03-01T22:46:59","modified_gmt":"2018-03-01T21:46:59","slug":"nedele-celnika-a-farizea","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/pravoslavnebrno.cz\/ru\/nedele-celnika-a-farizea\/","title":{"rendered":"Ned\u011ble Celn\u00edka a Farizea"},"content":{"rendered":"

NED\u011aLE O CELN\u00c9M A FARIZEOVI
\nVYSV\u011aCEN\u00cd BRATRA MAT\u00da\u0160E NA DI\u00c1KONA<\/h2>\n

Dne 28. ledna 2018, v ned\u011bli o Celn\u00e9m a farizeovi, kterou za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed t\u0159i p\u0159\u00edpravn\u00e9 t\u00fddny p\u0159ed Velk\u00fdm p\u016fstem a kdy se poprv\u00e9 p\u0159i pravoslavn\u00fdch bohoslu\u017eb\u00e1ch za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 op\u011bt po roce pou\u017e\u00edvat kniha, kter\u00e9 \u0159\u00edk\u00e1me Triod postn\u00ed, byla v na\u0161em brn\u011bnsk\u00e9m chr\u00e1mu slou\u017eena archijerejsk\u00e1 svat\u00e1 liturgie. Tuto liturgii slou\u017eil p\u0159eosv\u00edcen\u00fd vladyka Izai\u00e1\u0161, vik\u00e1rn\u00ed biskup \u0161umpersk\u00fd.<\/p>\n

Je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed svatou liturgi\u00ed byl na \u010dtece \u010dili \u017ealmistu post\u0159i\u017een bratr Mat\u00fa\u0161 Vavro. B\u011bhem liturgie, po prom\u011bn\u011bn\u00ed Svat\u00fdch dar\u016f, byl pak bratr Mat\u00fa\u0161 rukopolo\u017een na di\u00e1kona.<\/p>\n

V tento den, kdy Pravoslavn\u00e1 c\u00edrkev sv\u00fdmi bohoslu\u017eebn\u00fdmi texty, zp\u011bvy a celkov\u00fdm zam\u011b\u0159en\u00edm k\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1s p\u0159ipravuje k bl\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00edmu se Velk\u00e9mu p\u016fstu, se \u00fast\u0159edn\u00edm t\u00e9matem ned\u011bln\u00edho k\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed stalo podobenstv\u00ed o Celn\u00e9m a farizeovi. Toto kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 podobenstv\u00ed je pops\u00e1no v P\u00edsmu svat\u00e9m Nov\u00e9ho z\u00e1kona, konkr\u00e9tn\u011b u evangelisty Luk\u00e1\u0161e (Luk 18,10\u201314). Svat\u00fd evangelista Luk\u00e1\u0161 v\u00edce ne\u017e ostatn\u00ed evangelist\u00e9 m\u00e1 tendenci kl\u00e1st d\u016fraz na soucit P\u00e1na Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e ke ztracen\u00fdm a zbloudil\u00fdm, k t\u011bm, koho odsuzuje a \u010dasto i zavrhuje \u201eslu\u0161n\u00e1 spole\u010dnost\u201c. Evangeln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh o t\u011bchto dvou staroz\u00e1konn\u00edch mu\u017e\u00edch poukazuje zejm\u00e9na na odsouzen\u00ed farizea.<\/p>\n

V na\u0161em dne\u0161n\u00edm jazyce m\u00e1 slovo farizeus \u010dasto pejorativn\u00ed n\u00e1dech, kdy je t\u00edmto slovem ozna\u010dov\u00e1n n\u011bjak\u00fd \u201en\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fd pokrytec\u201c. V\u017edycky tomu tak ale nebylo. V dob\u011b evangeln\u00ed byli farizeov\u00e9 sp\u00ed\u0161e lidmi s neskr\u00fdvanou a neobvyklou zbo\u017enost\u00ed, horlivost\u00ed pro v\u00fduku Moj\u017e\u00ed\u0161ova z\u00e1kona a \u017eidovsk\u00e9 tradice. Pravda, u n\u011bkoho byla tato zbo\u017enost sp\u00ed\u0161e fale\u0161n\u00e1 a p\u0159edst\u00edran\u00e1, u n\u011bkoho v\u0161ak zcela up\u0159\u00edmn\u00e1.<\/p>\n

V tomto podobenstv\u00ed n\u00e1\u0161 Spasitel nehovo\u0159\u00ed o tom, \u017ee by byl farizeus odsouzen, \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 jen, \u017ee celn\u00edk se do sv\u00e9ho domu vr\u00e1til ospravedln\u011bn. Pro ty, kte\u0159\u00ed naslouchali P\u00e1nov\u00fdm slov\u016fm, byl celn\u00edk p\u0159\u00edkladem zjevn\u011b \u0161patn\u00e9ho \u010dlov\u011bka. Byl pova\u017eov\u00e1n za zkorumpovan\u00e9ho v\u00fdb\u011br\u010d\u00edho dan\u00ed ve slu\u017eb\u00e1ch \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fdch okupant\u016f. Byl nen\u00e1vid\u011bn a opovrhov\u00e1n v\u0161emi \u010destn\u00fdmi lidmi. Ale pr\u00e1v\u011b on odch\u00e1z\u00ed do sv\u00e9ho domu ospravedln\u011bn. Pro\u010d? Proto\u017ee on o sob\u011b v\u00ed a uzn\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee je \u0161patn\u00fdm \u010dlov\u011bkem, kter\u00fd u\u017e nem\u016f\u017ee s ni\u010d\u00edm jin\u00fdm po\u010d\u00edtat ne\u017e jen s nezaslou\u017eenou Bo\u017e\u00ed milost\u00ed. A tak\u00e9 proto je p\u0159ipraven tuto milost (csl. blahoda\u0165) p\u0159ijmout.<\/p>\n

Pro\u010d je zapot\u0159eb\u00ed nepova\u017eovat sebe sama za d\u016fstojn\u00e9ho? Zejm\u00e9na proto, abychom se otev\u0159eli Bo\u017e\u00ed milosti, nebo\u0165 na\u0161e svat\u00e1 C\u00edrkev \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 o Bohu, \u017ee: Jeho blahost a dobrota je nekone\u010dn\u00e1, nesm\u00edrn\u00e1 a lidumilnost Jeho nevysloviteln\u00e1 a nepopsateln\u00e1. P\u00e1n je p\u0159ipraven smilovat se i nad t\u00edm nejhor\u0161\u00edm \u010dlov\u011bkem. Obt\u00ed\u017enost tohoto \u00fasil\u00ed v\u0161ak spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, \u017ee \u010dlov\u011bk kv\u016fli sv\u00e9 hrdosti, p\u00fd\u0161e a nev\u00ed\u0159e s\u00e1m sebe odcizuje a od t\u00e9to Bo\u017e\u00ed milosti se odd\u011bluje. Nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 se smilovat nad t\u00edm, kdo si mysl\u00ed, \u017ee \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 milosti mu nen\u00ed t\u0159eba, stejn\u011b jako nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 nasytit toho, kdo nen\u00ed hladov\u00fd, \u010di uzdravit toho, kdo nen\u00ed nemocn\u00fd. Tak\u00e9 proto se C\u00edrkev tuto ned\u011bli modl\u00ed n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edmi slovy: Postarejme se o to, abychom si brali p\u0159\u00edklad z ctnost\u00ed farizeov\u00fdch, a usilujme o pokoru celn\u00e9ho\u2026 (1. ver\u0161 z k\u00e1nonu 5. p\u00edsn\u011b na jit\u0159n\u00ed O celn\u00e9m a farizeovi).
\n\u201eBo\u017ee, bu\u010f milostiv mn\u011b h\u0159\u00ed\u0161n\u00e9mu.\u201c (Luk 18,13)<\/p>\n